In a diabetic emergency, which is correct for a responsive person?

• A. Ignore it.
• B. Monitor and call EMS.
• C. Give sugar by mouth (15-20 grams).
• D. Inject insulin

Answer: (C)

When a responsive person with diabetes shows signs of low blood sugar, the immediate goal is to raise their glucose quickly. Give 15 to 20 grams of fast-acting carbohydrate by mouth right away—glucose tablets are ideal, but juice, regular soda, honey, or a small piece of candy can work too. After giving the sugar, wait about 15 minutes and reassess their condition. If their symptoms improve and they can swallow safely, they should be allowed to eat a longer-lasting snack and seek medical guidance as needed. Do not give insulin, as that would lower glucose further, and don’t ignore the situation. If symptoms persist, worsen, or the person becomes unconscious, call EMS immediately. If they cannot swallow or are unconscious, do not give anything by mouth and follow applicable emergency protocols.